Main Types of IV Line Cannula
When administering medication, taking blood, transfusions, and giving fluids, IV cannulas — short, flexible tubing — are inserted into a vein. The peripheral IV cannula, central IV cannula, and draining cannulas are examples of IV cannula subtypes. Intravenous cannulas are also available in various diameters. The most popular sizes are in the 14–26 gauge range. The cannula gets smaller as the gauge number increases. Liquid passes through cannulas of varying sizes at varying speeds.
- Peripheral IV Cannula
Indwelling single-lumen plastic conduits known as peripheral intravenous (IV) lines enable the direct injection of drugs, fluids, and other therapies like blood products into a peripheral vein. Peripheral IV cannulas are commonly used by medical personnel in the emergency department and during surgery to administer essential fluids or to introduce contrast during radiological imaging. These cannulas can be placed inside the skin to keep them from moving and are intended for temporary usage.
2. Central IV Cannula
For prolonged treatments requiring weeks or months of IV medicines or fluids, a central line can be used annually.
For instance, a central IV cannula may be needed for the intravenous infusion of medication in a patient undergoing chemotherapy. Through the jugular, femoral, or subclavian veins, central IV cannulas can rapidly administer drugs and fluids to the body. Because of their susceptibility to infection, they are usually removed if any symptoms of infection (such as erythema, swelling, induration, or fever) appear.
3. Draining Cannula
Draining cannulas are used by medical professionals to remove fluids or other materials from patients’ bodies. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), which is often reserved for extremely sick patients with severe cardiac and/or pulmonary failure, is one method for which they can be utilized. Blood used in ECMO is taken out of the vein, oxygenated, and then put back into the body. During liposuction, draining cannulas may occasionally be utilized. In that instance, the trocar — a sharp metal or plastic instrument — is attached to the cannula. Trocars are used to penetrate tissue and extract or introduce fluid into bodily cavities or organs.
Source:
